The Purpose of Schooling and the Role of School Leaders

Very soon, the schools in Australia will appreciate the opportunity of overseeing themselves as in they will get the chance to settle on their own choices. This will be in organization and the Australian bureaucratic Labor government intensely backs all this.Advertising We will compose a custom article test on The Purpose of Schooling and the Role of School Leaders explicitly for you for just $16.05 $11/page Learn More This came to fruition after a great deal of console from the National instruction plan that pushed for the significant changes in schools. Each school will hold its own command to build up its own gatherings and even devolution of assets inside the establishment and think of approaches to tackle declining execution in certain understudies and lift the exhibition of others. The issue of freeing the school organization and letting them oversee themselves is as yet a subject of conversation and overwhelming discussion. There is a contention that, as much as the administra tion appears to have totally expelled itself from the ordinary running of the schools it despite everything has a significant task to carry out in them. For instance, the administration despite everything has a job in making a few activities and changes for schools yet the organization has been separated to veil the whole issue. The administration in many schools will in any case build up their own limitations and limits that the school should deal with on the off chance that they need ceaseless progression of assets from the legislature. Schools don't generally require including themselves in the job of dynamic, as they ought to contemplate more the exhibition of the understudy instead of the opposition among its industry and even appearance of reserve as a rule. The guardians likewise have a section to play in guaranteeing that the schools have a true touch. The educators in the Capita domain found the school-based model in 1967 in Australia so as to counter the bureaucratic model . This type of model has urged the schools to be increasingly open and remember the guardians for the network in dynamic. The job can either be to offer ability guidance or even contribute thoughts and help build up something in the school. Including the networks from around and helping structure organization will go far in helping correspondence of individuals. This will thus help certainty among the understudies and the individuals of the network and in the long run structure the premise of trust, which is fundamental in moving in the direction of specific objectives and in any event, thinking of thorough designs for the school’s powerful management.Advertising Looking for article on training? How about we check whether we can support you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More The structure and running of school’s vary and subsequently the key designs for the different schools are diverse in light of the fact that the understudies, educators and the staff ever ywhere are not the equivalent in all schools. The vital arrangement ought to mirror the uniqueness and decent variety of the understudies, staff and instructors, as it should take a gander at the qualities and capacities of the partners of this specific establishment. The Australian Federal Labor Government can put forth attempts to enable the schools just if the schools favor to cling to a set plan by the administration and the administration keeps the schools at their mercy by controlling their assets depending to how well they can cling to the effectively set strategies. The normalized position set by the legislature might be unavoidable as we in some cases find that instructors spread a specific prospectus rapidly and preclude other essential point that could be helpful to the understudy all for the sake of clinging to the standards and approaches. This paper on The Purpose of Schooling and the Role of School Leaders was composed and put together by client Lexi House to help you with your own examinations. You are allowed to utilize it for exploration and reference purposes so as to compose your own paper; be that as it may, you should refer to it likewise. You can give your paper here.

SOR Theory Related to Store Image and Emotions of Consumers

Question : Talk about the Examine S-O-R Theory ? Answer : Presentation Sales rep or deals partner is a solid element that impacts buyers choice procedure. This paper looks at the ideas and speculations identified with deals partner and the design retailing industry in Singapore. This paper intends to analyze S-O-R hypothesis identified with store picture and feelings of customers. The motivation behind this examination is to explore a few parts of deals partner, for example, conduct, appearance and dress that influence buying behaviour(Sellerberg Leppanen, 2014). The store picture and capacity for building dependability profoundly relies upon the properties of deals partner. Garments is a huge piece of the business partners appearance as it assumes a basic job in deciphering implications like state of mind, character and mentality. Thusly, this paper recognizes the manners by which deals partners appearance impacts buyer buy behaviour(Yeung Ang, 2015). This writing audit depends on past investigations and writing. The S-O-R structure is looked into in the wake of building a theoretical system of sales rep appearance signals in the retail condition. A business partner or salesman is a person who pushes the clients in picking things for the clients to purchase(Sellerberg Leppanen, 2014). Buy goal can be characterized as the readiness of a person to buy a specific item or service.It was contended that the buyers structure an impression of the business colleague in the beginning periods of correspondence or interaction.The deals aides offer customized support that impacts the shoppers perception(Cervellon Coudriet, 2013).The buyers want to purchase items from a store where the physical appearance of deals partners is good.The deals achievement or buy aim of a client relies upon the distinctive character types.Several specialists show enthusiasm for the retail situations utilizing the S-O-R system. Deals Associate in Fashion Retailing A business partner or sales rep is a person who helps the clients in picking things for the clients to buy. In style and apparel industry, the business partner assume a pivotal job in changing over want of the clients into sales(Choi, Lee, Hwang, 2014). They observe the duty to guarantee significant level of consumer loyalty by giving fantastic client service(Sellerberg Leppanen, 2014). Further, the business partner surveys client needs and give data about the attire or other popular things as required assistance(Sachdeva Goel, 2015). The business partners invite clients by welcome them and noting their inquiries. As the clients have questions with respect to value, material highlights and particulars while buying things, the business partner must have the option to immediately resolve their inquiries and complaints(Kim Kim, 2014). Attire as a Nonverbal Communication Cue Zarley Watson and Yan (2013) contend that nonverbal correspondence impacts a clients conduct. Nonverbal correspondence is characterized as sending and getting messages without utilizing words. The mental examinations led during the 1960s explored the impact of garments on relational conduct (Sellerberg Leppanen, 2014). A few scientists investigated the impacts of apparel and appearance on social communication. It is contended that in vogue dress has more noteworthy effect on shoppers than the unfashionable attire (Malik, 2015). It was additionally contended that business right hand wearing appealing garments had more positive associations with the customers than the ones wearing obsolete apparel (Sellerberg Leppanen, 2014). The individual attributes were seen as the business associates wearing easygoing, preservationist, dressy or brave styles (Das, 2014). As per an examination directed by Mafini and Dhurup (2014) in South Africas attire industry, it was dissected that staffs are a significant impact for the buyer buying conduct. It was contended that the shoppers structure a view of the business aide in the beginning times of correspondence or interaction(Sellerberg Leppanen, 2014). The creator further contends that the correct connection between deals partner and customer must be set up in the first place with the goal that it is more clear clients desires in a superior way(Petersson McIntyre, 2013). Moreover, the customer fulfillment rate in the attire business is evoked by the sales rep as the feelings prompted improve the shopping experience coming about in purchase(Sellerberg Leppanen, 2014). Accordingly, the customers feelings should be controlled by the apparel deals partner as they can help improve the business approach by inspiring the right feelings and advancing buy fulfillment (Leathers, 2015). Figure 2: Influence of Sales Assistant Clothing on Purchase Behavior Source: Mafini and Dhurup (2014) As appeared in the above figure, female buyers have enthusiasm for design. This examination by Mafini and Dhurup (2014) spotlights and lays accentuation on female buyers as it were. The following significant part of the investigation is deals collaborator or partner. It is contended that the South Africas garments retailers have changed their picture significantly more than what was anticipated from them. The dress retailers, for example, Woolworths, Edgars, Truworths have put forth attempts to support in the market (Lunardo, Bressoles Durrieu, 2016). The business aides offer customized assistance that impacts the buyers recognition. The creators Mafini and Dhurup (2014) contend that the business associates physical appearance influences clients observation. The business aides are decided on their physical appearance as they have certain effect on buyers emotions(Chan, Cheung, Lee, 2017). The positive effect on feelings may prompt buying decision(Sellerberg Leppanen, 2014). As per an examination directed by Lunardo, Bressoles and Durrieu (2016), the way store workers spruce up or show up socially impacts buy expectation. The examination considers a straightforward model where appearance is connected with articulation of social character. It was discovered that proper business wear of representatives were seen by the customers as traditionalist and expert (Lunardo, Bressoles Durrieu, 2016). It is contended that the appearance and attire draw in clients, yet in addition impacts the store picture. The buyers want to purchase items from a store where the physical appearance of deals collaborators is acceptable (Sellerberg Leppanen, 2014). Character Traits In the past investigations, it has been evaluated that there are academicians and specialists who mean to build up a drawn out connection between the purchasers and venders of style wear in Singapore. One of the key subjects that can be engaged in inquire about is relationship quality (Tabasum, Rabbani, Muhammad Asif, 2015). The researchers have begun to examine different components of progress and disappointment in connection among purchasers and venders. The business partners have been perceived for their constrained job in building long haul relationship with their clients (Lunardo, Bressoles Durrieu, 2016). Relationship directors are the sales reps being engaged with relationship showcasing. Client situated practices help in upgrading durable conduct among purchasers and venders. In this way, it is important to select the correct deals partner for building long haul relationship for the organizations (Hall, Ahearne, Sujan, 2015). It is contended that singular character qualities are essential in affecting purchaser dealer relationship(Chan, Cheung, Lee, 2017). The character of the business partner helps in building connections while making successive arrangements on amount, value, conveyance, amount and item details (Lunardo, Bressoles Durrieu, 2016). In this way, the writing shows a connection among character and buying conduct. The primary inquiry emerging from this examination is-which character qualities significantly affect purchaser merchant relationships(Tabasum, Rabbani, Muhammad Asif, 2015)? Moreover, the writing proposes great client connections in which the business partner and clients communicate frequently (Mullins et al., 2014).. The business partner is urged to treat clients at their best. There are numerous methodologies for examining character and the most widely recognized technique is quality hypothesis (Tabasum, Rabbani, Muhammad Asif, 2015). As indicated by the quality hypothesis, it is contended that the salespersons characters influence their presentation. The business achievement or buy goal of a client relies upon the distinctive character types. As indicated by Miao and Wang (2016), there are character groupings that impact client buy expectation. The Big Five Framework contends that there are contrasts between people that can be arranged into extraversion, appropriateness, principles, transparency and genuinely steady (Lunardo, Bressoles Durrieu, 2016). It is contended that the character qualities of these business partners are pivotal in affecting clie nt buy decision(Chan, Cheung, Lee, 2017). Despite the fact that the business partners utilize same degree of work, devices and penchant, not every one of them are effective. As per the confirmations accumulated from artistic sources, the characters of these business partner help in deciding achievement (Mullins et al., 2014). Subsequently, the above writing demonstrates that business partner character decidedly impacts client buy choice. Character attributes emphatically impacts client observation and impacts deals. S-O-R Model A few analysts show enthusiasm for the retail conditions utilizing the S-O-R system. The structure was created by Mehrabian and Russell's that depends on the relational word that the circumstance on conduct is affected and interceded by enthusiastic responses(Mazaheri, Laroche, Ueltschy, 2014). The enthusiastic responses are recognized as suggestive, emotional and feeling reactions that are changed into social reaction. The three b

Nursing and Theory

Speculations and models of nursing practice Dr. Sabah Abbas Ahmad College of Nursing college of Baghdad Sabah. [emailâ protected] com COMPETENCIES 1. Meanings of hypothesis, idea, model, recommendation. 2. Clarify the connections of ideas and suggestions to hypothesis 3. Examine the motivation behind hypothesis. 4. Clarify the USE OF speculations from different controls: . .5. Clarify the associated jobs of nursing work on, nursing hypothesis, and nursing research. .6. History and advancement of nursing hypothesis 7. Recognize m Common idea in nursing Theories. 8.Identify the three classes identifying with the extent of speculations. .. †Theories and models of nursing practice Introduction: Nursing hypothesis gives a viewpoint from which to characterize the what of nursing, to portray the who of nursing (who is the customer) and when nursing is required, and to distinguish the limits and objectives of nursing’s remedial exercises. Hypothesis is crucial to compelling nurs ing practice and research. The professionalization of nursing has been and is being achieved through the turn of events and utilization of nursing theory.The fundamental components that structure a nursing hypothesis are ideas and recommendations. In a hypothesis, recommendations speak to how ideas influence one another. An idea is the fundamental structure square of a hypothesis. Definitions †An idea : Is a vehicle of thought? As indicated by Chinn and Kramer (1995, p. 78), the alludes to a â€Å"complex mental plan of †¦ our Perceptions of a noticeable reality that term idea the world. † An idea names or names a wonder, can be seen through the faculties and explained.A idea helps us in defining a psychological picture about an article or circumstance. Ideas help us to name things and events in our general surroundings and help us in speaking with one another about the world. Freedom, self-care, and caring are only a couple of instances of ideas every now and again experienced in social insurance. Hypotheses are figured by connecting ideas together. - A theoretical system or Model: is a structure that joins worldwide ideas together and speaks to the brought together entire of a bigger reality.The particulars about wonders inside the worldwide entire are better clarified by hypothesis. By its tendency, an idea is a socially built mark that may speak to in excess of a solitary wonder. For instance, when you hear the word seat, a psychological picture that most likely strikes a chord is a thing of furniture utilized for sitting. The word seat could speak to a wide range of sorts of furniture for sitting, for example, a work area seat, a high seat, or an armchair . Remember that a similar idea might be utilized contrastingly in different theories.For model, one nursing hypothesis may utilize the idea of condition to mean every one of that encompasses an individual (the outer condition), while another hypothesis may utilize this idea to mean the o utside condition and all the natural and mental parts of the individual (the inside condition). †What Is a Proposition? A recommendation: (another basic component of a hypothesis) is an explanation that proposes a connection between ideas. A case of a nonnursing recommendation may be the announcement â€Å"people appear to be more joyful in the springtime. This recommendation builds up a connection between the idea of bliss and the season. A nursing propositional explanation connecting the idea of powerlessness and the idea of misfortune may be expressed as â€Å"multiple and quick misfortunes incline one to sentiments of vulnerability. † Propositional proclamations in a hypothesis speak to the theorist’s specific perspective on which ideas fit together and, in many speculations, set up how ideas influence each other. What Is a Theory? A hypothesis: is a lot of ideas and suggestions that give a systematic method to see phenomena.In the logical writing, Nursing hy pothesis is created to portray the wonder (procedure, event, or occasion) called nursing. Nursing hypothesis separates nursing from different orders and exercises that in that the reasons for portraying, clarifying, foreseeing, and controlling wanted result of nursing care rehearses. †â€Å"The motivation behind a hypothesis: in logical orders is to control research to improve the science by supporting existing information or creating new knowledge†. A hypothesis not just encourages us to sort out our musings and thoughts, yet it might likewise help direct us in what to do and when and how to do it.The utilization of the term hypothesis isn't limited to the logical world, nonetheless. It is regularly utilized in day by day life and discussion. For instance, when informing a companion concerning a secret novel you are perusing, you may have stated, â€Å"I have a hypothesis about who perpetrated the wrongdoing. † - USE OF hypotheses from different controls: notwith standing utilizing speculations explicitly developed to portray, clarify, and foresee the marvels of worry to nursing, the nursing calling has since quite a while ago utilized speculations from different orders. An order : is a field of study.Theories from natural, physical, and social sciences are regularly utilized in the act of nursing. For instance, nonnursing speculations, for example, Maslow’s Hierarchy of Basic Human Needs, Erikson’s Theory of Human Development, and Selye’s General Adaptation Syndrome have been and keep on being valuable in nursing practice. These nonnursing speculations are frequently consolidated into nursing practice together with explicit nursing hypotheses. ††Importance of nursing speculations ;in clinical work on: Nursing hypotheses give a system to thought where to look at situations.As new circumstances are experienced, this system gives a structure to association, investigation, and dynamic. What's more, nursing hypothe ses give a structure to speaking with different medical caretakers and with different individuals from the medicinal services group. Nursing hypotheses help the order of nursing in explaining convictions, qualities, and objectives, and they help to characterize the one of a kind commitment of nursing under the watchful eye of customers. At the point when the focal point of nursing’s commitment is clear, at that point more noteworthy expert self-rule and, at last, control of specific parts of training are achieved.In the broadest sense, nursing hypothesis is fundamental for the proceeded with advancement and development of the order of nursing. Since the universe of human services changes for all intents and purposes every day, nursing needs to keep on growing its information base to proactively react to changes in cultural requirements. Information for nursing practice is created through nursing research that, thus, is utilized to either test existing speculations or produce new hypotheses. Nursing Practice Nursing research Nursing hypothesis Process of information improvement. Nursing practice, hypothesis, and research are interdependent.Nursing hypothesis improvement and nursing research exercises are coordinated toward creating nursing practice norms . Medical attendants may utilize a particular nursing hypothesis to help direct their training or may pick an increasingly varied approach and embrace thoughts from a few speculations. Both of these methodologies are substantial. Besides, medical attendants may discover a few hypotheses progressively suitable for specific circumstances. All things considered, one hypothesis can be utilized with a customer in a home social insurance setting, while another hypothesis might be increasingly appropriate to a customer in an intense consideration environment.Regardless of the methodology picked, medical attendants will perceive the worth and value of nursing hypothesis as a device for compelling nursing practic e. Basic idea in nursing Theories: Four ideas regular in nursing hypothesis that impact and decide nursing practice are: 1-The individual (tolerant) 3-Health and 4-Nursing Each of these ideas is generally characterized and depicted by a nursing scholar, and in spite of the fact that these ideas are normal to all nursing speculations, both the definition and the relations among them may vary from one hypothesis to another.Of the four ideas, the most significant is that of the individual . The focal point of nursing, paying little heed to definition or Theory, is the individual. Relationship of hypothesis to nursing process: Professional medical caretakers use speculations from nursing and from the social sciences to gather, sort out, and characterize persistent information and to comprehend, break down, and decipher patients' wellbeing situations.Theoretical ideas and speculations manage all periods of the nursing procedure, including arranging, actualizing, and assessing nursing car e, while likewise portraying and disclosing wanted reactions to and results of care. The significant ideas of a picked model or hypothesis direct every one of the nursing procedure . The ideas fill in as classes to the attendant in figuring out what data is pertinent and ought to be gathered to make evaluations and to detail nursing diagnoses.The ideas likewise propose the proper sorts of nursing intercessions and patient results to be remembered for the consideration plan. Sorts of speculations: â€Å"Although hypotheses address moderately explicit and solid wonders, they shift in scope. Degree alludes to the general degree of considerable explicitness of a hypothesis and the solidness of its ideas and propositions† three unique classifications identify with the extent of speculations: excellent hypotheses, center range speculations, and smaller scale run theories.This grouping is appropriate to both nursing and nonnursing hypotheses. 1-A great hypothesis is made out of idea s speaking to worldwide and incredibly complex wonders. It is the broadest in scope, speaks to the most dynamic degree of advancement, and addresses the expansive wonders of worry inside the order. Normally, a terrific hypothesis isn't proposed to give direction to the development of explicit nursing mediations, but instead gives a general system to organizing wide, dynamic thoughts (Fawcett, 1993).An case of an excellent hypothesis is Orem’s Self-Care Deficit Theory of Nursing. 2-Middle-Range Theory : A hypothesis that tends to more concret

Sample College Essay - How to Write a Great College Essay

Sample College Essay - How to Write a Great College EssayYou have the sample of a great college essay. But, you need to know some tips on how to apply them.The best way to write a college essay is to make sure that your own views, opinions and thoughts are relevant to the topic of the essay. If your essay will be addressing issues that you really want to say, then do not think that you can just copy from the sample. You should learn what it is you want to say first and ask yourself if you have a reasonable chance of expressing those things in a reasonable amount of words.In the section where you are going to write your college essay, you are expected to put as much effort into it as possible. You will also be asked to present the best information about your area of interest. Just to make sure that your submission will be worthy, you must have a working knowledge of the subject matter.The best advice on how to write a sample essay is to not think too much. Instead, let the writer's bl ock hit you and your thoughts rush into your mind. Just think about the things that have been bothering you for the past few days or weeks and take your best shot at them.You will also find that studying about the topic of the college essay will help you prepare for the part where you are going to tell about your own opinion or views. You should look up the meaning of words and phrases related to the topic of the essay. Also, spend time in reading the previous essays by other students who have written the same essay. This will give you a better idea of how to go about it.You should also remember that the college essay is supposed to be a reflection of your own opinion and views. You will not be permitted to just copy the essay if you want to reflect your own view or opinion on the topic.The best way to prepare for writing your own college essay is to make sure that you will present your own views and opinions in a sensible manner. You will also find that studying about the topic of the essay will also help you gain some insights and knowledge about the topic that you are writing about. So, get started with your next college essay right away!

Analysis Of The Novel Saving Sourdi - 1509 Words

Why Sourdi is Never Saved?: Selective Change in Sourdi, in Saving Sourdi 2017 In Saving Sourdi, by May-Lee Chai, a major character Sourdi, the sister of the protagonist Nea, undergoes a number of changes, while certain other aspects of her character do not change. The relationship between Sourdi and Nea unquestionably also changes. Sourdi is a foil from which a reader can draw a contrast with Nea. In summary, Sourdi continues to have certain qualities perceived by Nea on the one hand, but on the other hand Sourdi does develop into an adult thinking about issues and life milestones which do not necessarily involve Nea, leaving behind Nea; all of these dynamics accentuate themes of cultural levers for immigrants, relationships and†¦show more content†¦This turn of events plays importantly into themes of immigration. While the reader is told an explanation for the black eye of Sourdi, the explanation is not really tenable, albeit it is one believed by Nea and Duke. There are also themes of immigration and culture. It is interesting that cultural responsibilities to her husband is what really separates Nea and Sourdi. Coming of age and the role men is also something. Yet again, it is the cultural instance of the man Mr. Chhay that takes Sourdi away; despite any protestations of his uncouthness Duke actually may have made for something more inclusive for Nea as he is delayed in development like Nea; symbolized by the fact Duke and Nea even held hands while present with Nea in the car. With Mr. Chhay in the life of Sourdi, there is very little role for Nea; perhaps this is why Nea hates so much that fact that he calls her ‘little sister’ (Chai, 2001). Overall Sourdi represents a choice to become that her mother became, a wife and mother. The acts of violence by Nea can be contrasted with the perceived violence involving Sourdi in the end. While Nea lashes out to protect in the beginning perceiving a threat, Sourdi seeks to protect her very attacker with an unconvincing story of baby wipes falling on her face. This assumes that despite the story told by

The Early Middle Ages And Early Medieval Period Essay

Taking a humanities course, specifically one with a focus on medieval to modern times can help you learn about what historians call the late antiquity, early middle ages, and the early modern period. These periods were all crucial in the formation of modern government, philosophy, culture as well as many other aspects and qualities of society today. The late antiquity, the early middle ages and the early modern period were all named by historians to mark significant changes in politics, culture and spirituality. The late antiquity period is said to have started after the end of the classical age and was characterized with significant changes in politics, culture and spirituality. Emperor Diocletian, in an attempt to overcome the faults and failures of the classical age, divided the empire into two empires: the Eastern Roman Empire (Byzantine Empire) and the Western Roman Empire. The transition into the late antiquity period was characterized by a sharp decline in population as a re sult of plagues, pandemics and war. Along with death comes spirituality; during this time there was a steady decline in older religions, traditions and rituals, which resulted in significant changes in spirituality. Multiple religions emerged, the most significant being Christianity, which in contrast to the religions of the classical period, provided comfort and reassurance with the beliefs of life after death. As expected, the decline in population along with new religious beliefs had anShow MoreRelatedMedieval Period in European History1575 Words   |  7 PagesIntroduction The medieval period in European history begins after the fall of the Roman Empire around 500 C.E., and continued until the early modern period beginning around 1500. 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Fashion Buying free essay sample

Introduction This assignment compares and contrasts the roles, responsibilities and issues faced by UK based retail buyers when purchasing branded versus own branded fashion goods. It draws on examples from retailers, trade press and academic sources. Fashion retailers are an important sector of the fashion industry, and are the link between fashion products and consumers. These retailers have power over the industry and are able to set trends. Over the past few years, retail own-labels have been leading the fashion industry. This has increased the power and important of the fashion buyer’s role.An understanding of the fashion environment – suppliers, wholesales, designers, marketers – is crucial for fashion buyers. Branded and Own-branded According to the American Marketing Association, the definition of a brand is: â€Å"A name, term, design, symbol, or any other feature that identifies one seller’s good or service as distinct from those of other sellers. A brand may identify one item, a family of items, or all items of that seller. We will write a custom essay sample on Fashion Buying or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page † (Marketing Power, 2011) Own-labels or own-brands refer to the products/services manufactured and sold under the retailer’s brand name. These are sold exclusively at the retail organisation’s outlets. These brands are very powerful and are more commonly known than manufacturer brands. Manufacturer brands refer to products/services that are given a brand name by the company that produces it. However, this is usually not the case in the fashion industry, as many retailers source suppliers and manufacturers from low cost countries (such as, in the Far East) to manufacture the goods for them. For example, Nike does not manufacture a majority of its products. The company has switched from being a manufacturing to a marketing company that focuses on the marketing of its brand.If the buyer is purchasing own-brand goods, the brand name and the retailer will be the same. Fashion Buying Cycle A definition of the ‘fashion buying cycle’ is: ‘the key events and processes in which the fashion buyer is involved in order to buy a garment range in for a retailer or mail order company’ (Goworek, 2007:17) The main processes involved in the fashion buying cycle are outlined below, including how the processes differ for buyers of branded products and buyers of own-branded products: * Review of seasons sales – both buyer will review the seasons sales to determine the popularity of each item. This will assist in determining the most preferred fabrics, styles, etc. * Budget planning both buyers will plan a budget on the expenditure of the range. * Comparative directional shopping – both buyers will conduct comparative shopping to evaluate what the competitors are offering. They both will conduct directional shopping to gain insight on the trends and styles of the season. * Fabric sourcing – the own-branded buyer will be involved in this process.

The Particular Features Of The Employment System I Essay Example For Students

The Particular Features Of The Employment System I Essay n JapanThe Particular Features Of The Employment System In Japan One of the unique and well known features of the Japanese employmentsystem is permanent employment for workers. Japanese corporations responses torecessionary periods provide an opportunity to sort out the myths from therealities of the Japanese permanent employment system. During recessions Japanese companies forced to reduce their costsachieve reductions in several ways. First, they reduce the number of women andtemporary workers they employ. During the recession that followed the 1973 oilshocks female employment dropped by eleven percent; more then five times thedrop in male employment. It was easy to reduce female employment because womeneven if they hold permanent positions are thought of as transitory workers whowill leave the workforce when they get married. Female and temporary workers area safety valve for Japanese companies that allow them to reduce costs in theshort-term without firing permanent male workers. The second way Japanesecompanies reduce costs is by giving early retirement to senior workers at thecompany. Many of these workers forced into early retirement then take up farmingas is the custom in Japan for retires. Getting rid of senior workers is one themost effective tools companies have of reducing costs because these workers hav emore seniority and thus make more money then the average worker. Japanesecompanies also are able to cut costs during recessions by reducing oreliminating bonuses paid to workers, cutting down on hiring of new workers,eliminating the farming out of work to subcontractors, transferring workersinternally with in the company to subsidiaries, and reducing profit margins tolevels that many American companies would find intolerable. We will write a custom essay on The Particular Features Of The Employment System I specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now Japanese companies response to recessions shows the benefits anddisadvantages of their employment system. Some of the benefits are that loyaltyand labor relations are very good. This is due to the fact that for non-temporary male workers not yet near retirement age companies make a great effortto continue the permanent employment system even during recessions. Most youngmale workers once entering a company stay with it for their entire life and forthem Japans permanent employment system serves them well. These workers come toview their company as almost a benevolent parent; the company leads them throughfitness drills, training camps, and retreats. A workers identity is shaped notby their individual title but by the company they belong to. But, female,temporary, and senior workers wind up paying the price of this permanentemployment system. Women who want to work in a long-term position for a companylose their jobs when recession hits. And because many women who lose their jobsbecom e housewives and dont apply for unemployment insurance they become theinvisible unemployed, uncounted by labor department statistics. The permanentemployment system in Japan is only a permanent employment for non-temporary maleworkers not near retirement age, during recessions when companies are forced tocut costs mostly female, temporary, and elderly workers wind up loosing theirjobs. History

Unethical Ads Due to the Introduction of Reference Ads

Unethical Ads Due to the Introduction of Reference Ads Free Online Research Papers Introduction One of the most important contributors to the success of consumer products is advertisements and the perception that these ads create in people’s minds. People are exposed more to television ads and hence are more influenced by them. This influence is known and hence well taken advantage of by advertisers. They tend to drum a message into the consumer’s mind to manipulate their acceptance of the product. Study says that if a message is drummed into us enough, whether consciously or unconsciously, it is likely to have an effect (J.E.Gratz The Ethics of Sublimal Communication). Does this indicate that consumers remember every ad they see, or atleast the ones that have had an impact? Study also suggests that people tend to take ads personally and subconsciously rate them as good or bad on the basis of many parameters. Infact the public’s views towards advertisements are copiously negative (e.g., Bauer and Greyser 1968, Mittal 1994). Negative information is also more diagnostic than positive information, meaning the consumers put greater weight on it in their brand judgments (Ahluwalia, Burnkrant, and Unnava, 2001). This therefore says that consumers tend to remember the effect of a negative ad. On the other hand studies suggest that consumers have less retention power when it comes to advertisements. When there is time difference between two ads and the time interval in laced with other learning (other ads) then the consumer’s recollection of the first ad is inhibited (e.g., Raymond R Burke and Thomas Skrull Competitive Interference and Consumer Memory for advertising; Melton and Irwin, 1940). Is it therefore possible that the perception of an ad changes when the ad is compared with another ad, especially a ‘negative’ one? Does the introduction of a reference ad change the perception about an ad that was erstwhile perceived to be negative, into a lesser negative one, or, maybe even, positive? A reference ad can be defined as any ad in relation to which other ads are seen. (Contextual effects of reference pricing in retail advertising- Abhjit Biswas and Edward A Blair). This research has been conducted to understand the change in the perception of unethical ads because of an introduction of a reference point. A simple way of checking this is to note the initial perception of an unethical ad and then take a second rating of the same when shown against another unethical ad (determined by the ratings of the control group) and compare the two to see if there is any change. This will show very clearly that the perception about an ad changes when the reference point has been introduced. What also needs to be checked is if there is any other factor contributing to this change in perception. Factors such as gender, (Females perceptions of offensive advertising: The importance of Values, expectations and control – Timothy P Christy) etc. may influence the perception of an ad but not the change in perception. This has been taken into account by having equal representation in the sample at every level. If our hypothesis is proven right, then this study will enable ad-makers to understand how to position their ad along with those of their competitors’ or other products’, such that the perception of consumers towards their ad is more tolerant when compared with the competitor’s ad especially when the decision is based on towing the fine line between humour and vulgarity. Methodology The research started out with the selection of five unethical advertisements. They have been determined to be unethical based on a previous study conducted by Dwane Hal Dean in ‘After the Unethical Ad – A comparison of Advertiser Response Strategies’ ‘†¦There is a large body of literature on advertising ethics. Among other topics, papers have addressed the ethicality of political attack ads, the use of sexual appeals in print advertising, the use of fear appeals in advertising, lottery advertising, the use of questionable environmental claims to sell products, the use of reference prices in advertising, the uses of cookies and spamming in electronic media, advertising that targets children, advertising that stereotypes minorities and alcohol advertising that specifically targets low income minority populations.’ Hence we selected five advertisements depicting sexually explicit scenes, brand wars, over-hyping of the product, The ads also were: 1. Well known brands available in India too 2. Ads with unethical connotations; unethical per the standards defined in the research paper cited earlier 3. Brands that are relevant to our sample – youth 4. Brands that are leaders in their respective segments The sample size has been determined as follows: D =  ± 0.5, ï  ³ = 3.5, z = 1.96 (Confidence interval of 95%; Precision and reliability (acceptable confidence level) required: D =  ± 0.5) n = 190(approx) Determination of ï  ³ Estimating Variances for Rating Scales used in marketing research Source: â€Å"Sample Size Tables for Significance Tests,† Research on Research 45 (Chicago: Market Facts Inc. , undated) Number of Scale Points Typical Range of Variances 3 .67 4 1.0 5 1.8 6 2.5 7 3.5 8 4.0 9 5.0 10 6.0 The sample includes MBA students in the age group of 21 – 24 yrs Research Design This research involves testing the difference in scores when a respondent is shown the ad individually and in comparison with another. Hence we would need two groups, one experimental and one control. The research design being used is Posttest-Only Control Group Design EG: R X O1 CG: R X O2 The treatment effect is thus obtained by: TE = O1 – O2 Pretest The pretest was conducted on a sample of 50 students. Five groups of ten students were shown five ads determined unethical as per the research stated earlier. Ratings were on a semantic differential scale of 1 – 7 with 1 being Unethical and 7 being Ethical. In our differential scale, throughout the study, we have used 1 as Unethical and 7 as Ethical as this would eliminate the interviewer’s intention of wanting the scores to tend towards Unethical (if it is placed on the right side as against the general tendency to have a negative on the left side and a positive on the right). On the basis of this data the following scores were obtained: Advertisements Ratings (sum of ratings of each group) Fair and Lovely Pepsi Microsoft Levis Pepsi It is evident from this that Fair Lovely, Pepsi and Microsoft were voted as the three most unethical ads. Further study was done on the basis of these three ads. Control Group Three control groups with 20 students each were randomly selected and shown the three ads separately and asked to rate them on the semantic differential scale mentioned earlier. They were shown the ad in a closed room, with no other intervention. The ads were shown once and the respondents were asked to rate it. The mean score of the ratings given by each control group is as below: Control Group Advertisement Mean score 1. Microsoft 3.5 2. Pepsi 3.45 3. Fair Lovely 3.65 Experimental Group The experiment group consisted of 20 students each and six such experiments were conducted. Students shown two ads and their ratings for the same were noted on a single data sheet on the differential scale mentioned earlier. There was no break between the ads and the respondents did not rate each ad separately. They were specifically instructed to rate both the ads together after seeing both the ads. No other instructions were given to them. Here the first ad shown becomes the reference point for the second ad. The intent is to compare the scores of the second ad thus tested with the scores received for the same by its control group. The mean score of the new ratings thus developed is as below: Reference ad Second ad in the control group Microsoft Pepsi Fair Lovely Microsoft 4.35* 4.15 Pepsi 3.45 4 Fair Lovely 3.95 3.6 * Interpretation of score: The Microsoft ad got a mean score of 4.35 when it was shown after the Pepsi ad. The Pepsi ad is the reference point for the Microsoft ad. Analysis Our hypothesis is as follows: H0:  µ1 =  µ2 The means of both the samples (control group and experimental group) are the same. There has been no impact of the reference ad HA:  µ1 ≠   µ2 The means of both the samples are not equal. The reference ad has had an impact A simple comparison of means show the following information: Microsoft Ad: Case Processing Summary Cases Included Excluded Total N Percent N Percent N Percent cg_exp_microsoft * seen_notseen_refad_microsoft_group 60 100.0% 0 .0% 60 100.0% Report cg_exp_microsoft seen_notseen_refad_microsoft_group Mean N Std. Deviation not seen 3.50 20 1.469 seen pepsi 4.35 20 1.899 seen fair 4.35 20 1.496 Total 4.07 60 1.656 Pepsi Ad: Case Processing Summary Cases Included Excluded Total N Percent N Percent N Percent cg_exp_pepsi * seen_notseen_refad_pepsi_group 60 100.0% 0 .0% 60 100.0% Report cg_exp_pepsi seen_notseen_refad_pepsi_group Mean N Std. Deviation not seen 3.45 20 2.012 seen micro 3.45 20 1.849 seen fair 3.60 20 1.957 Total 3.50 60 1.909 Fair Lovely Ad: Case Processing Summary Cases Included Excluded Total N Percent N Percent N Percent cg_exp_fair * seen_notseen_refad_fair_group 60 100.0% 0 .0% 60 100.0% Report cg_exp_fair seen_notseen_refad_fair_group Mean N Std. Deviation not seen 3.65 20 1.981 seen pepsi 3.60 20 1.392 seen micro 3.95 20 1.731 Total 3.73 60 1.696 There is an apparent difference in the means of the scores of the control groups and the experimental groups. This could mean that the ethical perception of the ads in the minds of the consumers. However this does not prove that the change in perception has been due to the introduction of another unethical ad. There is no explanation of the relation with the reference ad. To understand this further we did an ANOVA. On conducting an ANOVA test these were the results obtained: Microsoft Ad: ANOVA cg_exp_microsoft Sum of Squares df Mean Square F Sig. Between Groups 9.633 2 4.817 1.805 .174 Within Groups 152.100 57 2.668 Total 161.733 59 Pepsi Ad: ANOVA cg_exp_pepsi Sum of Squares df Mean Square F Sig. Between Groups .300 2 .150 .040 .961 Within Groups 214.700 57 3.767 Total 215.000 59 Fair Lovely Ad: ANOVA cg_exp_fair Sum of Squares df Mean Square F Sig. Between Groups 1.433 2 .717 .243 .785 Within Groups 168.300 57 2.953 Total 169.733 59 Our significance level p is .05 and here in all the three cases, the significance is greater than p. Hence we will not reject H0 Therefore the conclusion is that there has been no impact of the reference ad on the perception of another ad. Conclusion Our study has proved that there is no relation between the perceptions of two ads on the consumer’s mind. The ethical perception of one ad does not alter the ethical perception of another ad which would have erstwhile been thought to be equally or more unethical. Our study said that Negative information is also more diagnostic than positive information, meaning the consumers put greater weight on it in their brand judgments (Ahluwalia, Burnkrant, and Unnava, 2001). Here it is apparent that an unethical ad is rated as negative by the consumer. They may even remember the ad, but the depiction of a more unethical ad does not make the former ad positive. The negative impact or perception of an ad remains. We attribute this lack of change in ethical perception of an ad even with the change in reference point to the fact that an unethical ad, no matter how slight or grave it is, is not compared to another one. Once the consumer/viewer mentally rates the ad as unethical, nothing can change his perception of the same. Hence it would be wiser for an ad-maker to refrain from offending the sentiments of his viewers, in the pretext of being humourous or different. This survey was conducted on the youth, who are generally perceived to be more tolerant or accepting towards ethical/unethical issues in ads. If their perception of an unethical ad remains unchanged by another ad then it strongly points out the fact that ethics or values that people hold dear cannot be manipulated by ad-makers or marketers. References J.E.Gratz The Ethics of Sublimal Communication Bauer and Greyser 1968, Mittal 1994 Ahluwalia, Burnkrant, and Unnava, 2001 Raymond R Burke and Thomas Skrull Competitive Interference and Consumer Memory for advertising Melton and Irwin, 1940 Contextual effects of reference pricing in retail advertising- Abhjit Biswas and Edward A Blair Ethics In Advertising Ideological Correlates Of Consumer Perceptions – Debbie Treise, Michael F Weigold, Jenneane Conna and Heather Garrison The Influence of Positive Moods on Brand extension Evaluations – Michael Barone, Paul W Miniard, Jean B Romeo An Examination of Consumer’s Perceptions of Purpose and Content of Corrective Advertising – George E Belch, Michael E Belch, Robert B. Settle and Lisa M D Lucchi Being ‘Effective’ in Branding?  ¬Ã¢â‚¬â€œ Adrian Zambardino, Ogilvy Advertising, UK and John Goodfellow, London Metropolitan University, UK Consumer Perceptions of Promotional Activity – Aradhna Krishna, Imran S Currim and Robert W Shoemaker The Influence and Context of College students’ Perceptions of Advertising Offensiveness – Timothy P Christy, University of Oregon, Eugene OR Eric Haley, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN Research Papers on Unethical Ads Due to the Introduction of Reference AdsResearch Process Part OneMarketing of Lifeboy Soap A Unilever ProductRelationship between Media Coverage and Social andAnalysis Of A Cosmetics AdvertisementMoral and Ethical Issues in Hiring New EmployeesIncorporating Risk and Uncertainty Factor in CapitalThe Relationship Between Delinquency and Drug UseEffects of Television Violence on ChildrenPETSTEL analysis of IndiaAnalysis of Ebay Expanding into Asia

Managing the risks of organizational accidents by James T. Reason Essay

Managing the risks of organizational accidents by James T. Reason - Essay Example As the above diagrams elucidate there are layers of defenses placed at every step of operation. When a latent error happens due to at one stage the next operating layer has defenses so that the mistake is not passed on in the chain of procedures. Only when all the layers of operation fall in line to allow for the lapse to carry on does the entire system come crashing down. The first chapter on "Hazards, Defenses and Losses" brings to light the type of errors (human or organizational) that may occur, the precautions or defenses a person or an organization may take in order to prevent them. Also talked of are the tangible and intangible losses that have to be borne. "The Human Contribution" is a chapter devoted to the prospect of human error. Though the book in its entirety does not hold individuals responsible for a systemic failure, the many times human errors led to large scale mishaps are explored here. Important examples include the Apollo 13 slip-up, Glenborough disaster, Three Mile Island nuclear reactor accident etc. "Maintenance cans Seriously Damage your System" is a misnomer as the author presents sets of bad maintenance leading towards the damage of the entire structure. It is a continuation from the previous chapter of the human factor responsible for great errors. "Navigating the Safety Space" is a chapter wherein the author forays into the amount of leeway allowable to a system before it crashes. The next four chapters are useful instruction guides to policy makers; design engineers etc. to make for defect minimizing systems. In "A Practical Guide to Error Management" the author writes on the hands down approach to managing errors. The chapter "The Regulator's Unhappy Lot" explains the measures and methods of restructuring an organization to steer clear of catastrophes. Chapter 9, "Engineering a Safety Culture" suggests a whole lot of relevant arguments for creating a safety culture within an establishment. "Reconciling the Different Approaches to Safety Management", the final chapter calls upon managers, engineers and the maintenance people to adapt to appropriate safety techniques in order to avoid the risks of ending up with a disaster financially, materially or otherwise. Critique: The book is a compulsory read for all personnel working in risky atmosphere, hazardous industries etc. The author has used all his expertise in dealing with the issue of accident negation or at least reduction. Strengths: The strength of the book lies in its simplicity. The easy to understand language and lucid style make it a universal reference guide for managers and workers alike. Weaknesses: Apparently there appear no

Business Financing and the Capital Structure Assignment

Business Financing and the Capital Structure - Assignment Example The total cost of each resource has to be determined and summarized. On the basis of the summarized reports of cost of resources, a budget will be prepared by the finance and accounts department which would help the organization to determine next course of action (Summers, 2011, pp.2-11). Working Capital Management Proper working capital management is necessary to carry out day to day business operations. It is defined as the difference between current assets and liabilities. Thus, the objective of working capital management is to maintain a balance between current assets and liabilities. Positive difference or surplus funds can be used to make planned expenses such as payment of short term obligations and salaries. The working capital is negative or deficit when the current liabilities exceed current assets that would require the firms to borrow short term funds in order to manage the deficit (Ganesan, 2007, pp.1-2). When the working capital is positive, the firm would have surplus short term funds which can be invested in the money market instruments. The maturity of money market instruments are less than one year and hence investment in money market is less risky. This is because, the status of any business can be more or less accurately predicted in short term whereas the same becomes uncertain as the maturity increases due to increased chances of borrower to default. Some important money market financial instruments are discussed as follows: Commercial papers (CP) – They are issues by highly rated corporate entities and classified as short term unsecured promissory notes issued at discount and redeemed at face value. Certificate of Deposit (CD) – It is similar to ordinary time deposit differing only in maturity period and interest rates. They are issued by banks and the interest rates are generally higher than savings deposit rates. Municipal notes – Short term financial security issued by municipality in expectation of tax receipts as revenues. Treasury bills – They are debt instruments issued by the government whose maturity ranges from 3 to 12 months. Repurchase agreements – they are short term loans that are arranged by an investor to whom securities would be sold with an agreement to repurchase them back on a future date at pre-determined fixed rate. Thus, a corporate organization may park their excess generated from efficient working capital management in above discussed financial instruments that are liquid and used as marketable securities. Financial Instruments of Securities Market Every organization invests capital in business to finance its operations and generates goods and services to meet demands and earn profit. As the business expands its operations more funds are required to carry out business objectives. The financial sources may be broadly classified into equity and debt. Funds can be raised from these sources in the financial securities market. The securities market may be furthe r divided into primary or secondary securities market. In the primary securities market only those securities are issued that are participating in securities market for first time and the process is known as IPO (Initial Public offering). The secondary market is a place for traders who buy or sell differ securities.

Individualized Education Program Essay Example for Free

Individualized Education Program Essay All students have a right to education and safety at the expense of the school that he/she attends, including students with special need that requires special situation with no additional cost. Having such a diverse student body, an administrator would need to have an understanding of the legal ramification that is included in disciplining and accommodating special education students academically. All students have a right to be educated and in education there is a needed to become cautious that a special educational student can be expelled and/or suspended for being offenders of the school disciplinary code of conduct, like all other students. Also, staff and administration must become aware of the procedures of the IDEA in discipline students of special needs. This paper will discuss the disciplining of a special education students and if the disciplinary action taken to discipline a students was appropriated according to the special education laws. Student of special needs has multiple office encounters that surface into referrals due to unacceptable behavior in the instructional classrooms environment as well as other area of the school. For example, the students of special needs were standing out outside of a classroom. The students and other student was engaged in an argument begin to push and shove each other. The one student agreed but the other special needs student through a punch at the other student. A teacher grab the student, however the special needed student continue the confrontation and teacher lead him away. Further, at the beginning of the year the special needs student was reassign to the school due to behavior at local school. The student is a high school student and test data is showing that the student is behind three grades levels. The student refuses to completed work and continues to interrupt the learning environments. Added, the students show high level of frustration toward the instructor when periodically. The student attends class daily without pencil/pen or paper. Student has shown aggressiveness of verbal and physical threats toward other students in the classroom as well as disrespect toward staff. The students has been tested and identified as having an Emotional Behavior Disorder (EBD). The student show little progress in developing relationships with the dean of students, social worker, and other staff members such as the ESE staff at the school. The student have several alarming emotional concerns that differ from one incident to the next, and on different levels of how serious of the students disability is, therefore, interrupting the whole educational process. Moreover, the student is showing behaviors of withdrawals and isolation. Students with this disability experience a lot of tribulations when it comes to maintaining any relationships involving their peers or adults. It is possible that many of them will have a medical diagnosis. This particular student is very disruptive in class on a daily basis and has a hard time focusing and capturing the content being instructed. The student parent feels challenged and pushed beyond measure in addressing the student’s behaviors toward the classroom environments and his education. She empathizes for the child because his father past when he was younger and she have not remarried. She believes that the students are not just having few bad days, along with having a hard time adjusting to the change of not having a father nor sibling to express thought too. The teacher perspective of the situations was as follows: the student needs to build skills in areas of respecting other space and cooperation. She believes that overall the special needs student is a great students when desire to be. Added, after learning the student background the teacher believed that student needs counseling to address the student’s deeper emotions, which are preventing the student from becoming successful in the classroom. The student attention seeking has become a great distraction; as well as the student’s action has presented a safety hazard for other students and staff. The administration staff decided to reassign the student (without notifying the parent) to an alternative program. When investigating the incidents in the hallway, the finding showed that that the student is at- risk to himself as well as fellow students and staff members. The suggested program presents an opportunity of preventing him from dropping out of school, providing the student with another option of educational. This reassignment will serving as a disciplinary consequence, which provides the student time to address behavioral remediation. Although, the students feels that this is not the place he want to go. He refuses to agree to the reassignment. Student further express that he will not be going to the school for remediation. Although the school acts in the best interest of the majority; the school was out of compliance because according to the Federal government’s No Child Left Behind legislation (NCLB), the school has violated the student right to choose. The No child Left behind Legislation insists that a student is entitled to choose the reassignment school. Further, all parents/guardians must be inform of the change. Additionally, as part of the compliance with the NCLB legislation, any student who is a victim of a violent crime will be offered an opportunity to seek a school choice transfer rather than an alternative program. Because the school did not contact the parents to inform her of these interventions that the Student Support Team suggested. They did not provide the parent the right to be informed of all the information and how they are protected under three significant federal statutes: the IDEA, the American with Disabilities Act of 1990 (ADA), and the Rehabilitation Act of 1973, Section 504 (Essex, 2012). Moreover, the ADA protects individuals whom have one or more physical or mental deficiencies, have a record of such impairments and are regarded as currently having that impairment. The individual must also qualify for the position, or program that is in question in order to be protected under the ADA. The Section 504’s criteria for protection are identical to those stated under the ADA. All of these laws are set in place to act and use as a guideline for any student with special education needs. If this issue was to be brought in front of a judge, most likely the ruling would be in favor of the parent and student. HONIG, California Superintendent of Public Instruction v. DOE, et al. (1988). Strong decision in school discipline case on behalf of emotionally disturbed children who had academic and social problems. Court clarified procedural issues designed to protect children from school officials, parent role, and stay put, that schools shall not expel children for behaviors related to their handicaps. Doug C. v. Hawaii (9th Cir. 2013) On June 13, 2013, the U. S. Court of Appeals for the Ninth Circuit issued an important decision about parental participation at IEP meetings. Pete says that All special education staff who conducts IEP meetings should be familiar with this landmark ruling about IEP meetings and parental participation. Another area the school fails to address staff touching students or allowing another student to touch another student could motivate a law suit. In the case Pitasky, 1995, a law suit was filling against school personal. In this case if a student inquired injuries, either physical or emotional, that occurs either accidentally or intentionally, from the fight. The school could be accounted for wrongful actions and to deter such actions in the future (Fisher, Schimmel, Kelly, 1995). In closing, all students have a right to education and safety at the expense of the school that he/she attends, including students with special need that requires special situation with no additional cost. It is important to maintain collaborative support system between the school, family, and community to ensure a positive outcome to maintain a productive and effective educational environment. In the educational arena are many of special need students in educational programs whom are employed and will be able to function as productive citizens, with the proper services and procedures that are available. Courts have acknowledged that schools cannot guarantee the safety of all students (Mawdsley, 1993). Schools officials and school personnel, however, may have legal liability when a student is injured either by a deliberate action or negligence by a teacher. References Doug C. v. Hawaii (9th Cir. 2013). Retrieved fromttp://www. wrightslaw. com/caselaw. htm Essex, N. (2012). Religion and the Public Schools. In Fossel, M. Holstein, N. (Eds. ), School Law and the Public Schools: A Practical Guide for Educational Leaders (5th ed. ) HONIG, California Superintendent of Public Instruction v. DOE, et al. (1988). Retrieved from http://www. wrightslaw. com/caselaw. htm Mawdsley RD. Supervisory standard of care for students with disabilities. West’s Educ Law Q. 1993; 2:421–433. Quoted in: Yell M (2001).

Odour of Chrysanthemums as a Classic Essay -- Odour of Chrysanthemums

Odour of Chrysanthemums as a Classic    The claim that "Odour of Chrysanthemums" is a well-crafted story is hardly brave or risky, for many would agree. For instance, the man who in a sense discovered Lawrence, English Review editor F. M. Ford, said this about "Odour of Chrysanthemums": The very title makes an impact on the mind. You get at once the knowledge that this is not, whatever else it may turn out, either a frivolous or even a gay springtime story. Chrysanthemums are not only flowers of the autumn: they are the autumn itself. . . This man knows what he wants. He sees the scene of his story exactly. He has an authoritative mind. (Ford 257) As a fiction editor, he is quite receptive to Lawrence's descriptive gifts. He is impressed with Lawrence's sense of purpose. But readers needn't assess the short story by Ford's methods alone. Modern readers have a very different perspective than Lawrence's contemporaries, ensuring that many different analyses of "Odour of Chrysanthemums" are possible. However, the plot itself is very simple. In the 1914 version, Elizabeth Bates spends most of the story waiting for her husband to return from the mine, fretting that he is once again dallying at a favorite pub. His coworkers drag him home, but he is not in a drunken stupor. He is dead, suffocated in an accident at the mine. Initially it seems that the moment when Elizabeth learns that her husband is dead is the story's climax. However, this is not the story's most riveting moment, for Lawrence's foreshadowing has already given this ending away. Elizabeth often unknowingly hints at the coming death, saying, "They'll bring him when he does come--like a log" (Lawrence 290). The real surprise comes after the reader discove... ...e sense alone. This idea reflects people's deepest fears, or perhaps evokes new ones. "Odour of Chrysanthemums" is not successful and shocking because of particularly beautiful writing, realistic characters or even a surprise ending. It is shocking because of a surprise thought.    Works Cited Lawrence, David Herbert. "Odour of Chrysanthemums." D. H. Lawrence: The Complete Short Stories (Vol. 2). New York: Penguin Books, 1976. Bolton, James T. "Odour of Chrysanthemums: An Early Version." Renaissance and Modern Studies 13 (1969), 12-44. Ford, Madox Ford. "D. H. Lawrence." Portraits from Life. Boston: Houghton Mifflin, 1937. Lawrence, David Herbert. "Women Are So Cocksure." Phoenix. London: Heinemann, 1936. 167-69. Lawrence, David Herbert. "To T. D. D." 7 July 1914. Selected Letters. Ed. Richard Aldington. New York: Penguin Books, 1996.

Travel Agency Management

{draw:frame} TRAVEL AGENCY MANAGEMENT HTM 1213 COURSE WORK INTRODUCTION {draw:g} MY COMPANY NAME: LOVE TOUR COMPANY SDN. BHD *SHARE HOLDER: 30% OF *BUMIPUTRA (MOHAMAND ALIZAH) TOTAL CAPITAL: RM 300,000 LOCATION: PLAZA 393 *EMPLOYEE: TOTAL* 5 PEOPLE OFFICE SPACE: 200sq LOGO DESIGN *Reasons for the above design*: Red colou*r is love, passion. This color is very shinning and striking can attract customer. * And can boost our energy. *Red is my favorite colo*u*r*. *R*epresent we give customer a good professional service ,a nice caring and friendly tour guide service. draw:frame} Reasons of Why I Choose This Location Shopping square the place for a recreation, when busy within, have any incident go, think surplus thing as people. The shopping plaza is that one lets people slow down the step, the relaxed and good time of leisure temporarily. I choose in the reason of the shopping plaza is people have information of paying attention to the travel society on the way when going shopping. Ther e are many convenient in the shopping plaza. There is Teller-Stella, there are security personnel, and crowds are numerous too. Whenever Sunday, a family is will choose to go to shopping square as their good time for recreation even more when will come out to go shopping. These customers group can attract at this moment. My major customers are students and the family is the main fact. The crowd in shopping square are students and the family mostly, and the potential customer who I want to look for. Products that tourist corporation of me introduce unique with ultralow price products and extra prize that buy one get one free that trivial RM200 can travel abroad too as the main fact. The red signboard by the products of our company will be attracted with when people come to shopping. I will select my company office in the center of shop of the middle of the first floor. All are famous of brand companies in the ground floor. In this way sight so famous-brand company or some mega-store those Focus Club of customer. Select to avoid losing more competitors on the first floor. The first floor is easier to attract to like going shopping generally, stroll around to the students of the dress boutique it with parents' customer. The cheap ground floor too of rental upstairs is numerous generally. There are a lot of facilities on shopping square, for example: The market offers ATM, have security personnel, more parking stalls. The convenient parking stall will let the customer like to come to the company personally too. The place where it is very inconvenient to choose one and park, the traffic is crowded, very far away and remote place of car park, the customer will not want to come over to the company often. Shopping have some insurance company too, bank, let staff working facility of company of me, like the customer buys the tourist insurance, the company can cooperate with neighboring insurance company. We can offer service of buying tourist insurance on behalf. {draw:frame} {draw:frame} LOVE TOUR PROMOTION PACKAGER LOCAL Package (Full Board) 3day 2 nights *LANGKAWI* package *From *RM *1*99/per pax Include 3 star accommodations and transport and 5 meal. Day 1: drive bus to LANGKAWI Day3: full day tour 3day2night Bali Family Package Day 01: Transfer in to hotel, then hotel dinner Day 02: Full Day Tour, tour visit: Barong Dance of Batubulan, Galuh Batik Factory, Holy spring water of Tampak Siring, Mount Batur of Kintamani, Sukawati Art Market shopping centre. Lunch & Dinner at local restaurant Day 03: Breakfast at hotel, transfer out to airport Reason This area location is a low income of family and small middle class family. So, the package can’t design a high standard of tour packager. The tour budget accord with low income family. LOVE TOUR OFFICE DECOR (200sq) {draw:g} {draw:frame} DECOR DETAIL At sale and reservation ticket counter station, have two table, chair and customers chair. Table color is white color. Officer chair is black color. Customer chair is red color. Staff provides information on tour highlight, pricing, flight details etc. At behind office site, have a safe box and printer and three database cases. This can prevent thief. The mirror is installed on the wall, can make the office seem more spacious. {draw:g} {draw:frame} {draw:g} {draw:g} {draw:frame} Organization Structure of Love Tour Company Organization Chart {draw:frame} The Company Has Five Employees: Two employees work in sales and plan the tour operation. One employee coordinates scheduling and reservations; One employee performs HR, billing, and office management duties; Another individual owns the company and serves as the owner. List of Qualities Sale executive Possesion of a Professional Certificate, Diploma, Advanced/Higher/Graduate Diploma, Bachelor's Degree, Post Graduate Diploma or Professional Degree in Human Resource Management, Marketing, Property Development/Real Estate Management, Hospitality/Tourism/Hotel Management or equivalent is preferable. Required language(s): Chinese, English At least 2 year(s) of working experience in the related field is required for this position. Preferably Senior Executives specializing in Hotel Management/Tourism Services or equivalent. Job role in Hotel Manager or Travel Coordinator/Agent. 1 Full-Time positions available. Applicants should be Malaysian citizens or hold relevant residence status. Travel Consultants Minimum SPM Good command of English, Mandarin and Bahasa Malaysia Knowledge in airlines ticket reservation preferred. Diploma in Travel Tourism is an advantage. Computer literate. , Age below 30 years old. Accounting Full time, †¢must possess at least a Diploma or Advanced/Higher/Graduate Diploma in Finance/Accountancy/Banking or equivalent †¢ Female aged below 30 years & computer literate †¢ Able to communicate in written & spoken Mandarin & English Requires an understanding of accounting and proficient in USB,MS Excel, database experience and GL entries.

The Theme of Appearance vs. Reality in William...

The Theme of Appearance vs. Reality in William Shakespeares Works Characters within one of William Shakespeares greatest tragic plays, Hamlet, appear to be true and honest but in reality are infested with many falsehoods and deceptions. Characters such as Polonius, Claudius, and Hamlet give an impression of a person who is sincere and genuine, but behind their masks are plagued with lies and evil. As a result of Shakespeares ingenious character development, there is a dominant and overwhelming theme that is concurrent throughout the play. The theme of appearance versus reality engages the reader to overlook apparent behavioural†¦show more content†¦iii. 78-80). Polonius contradicts this wise expression when he states, Ill silence me een here (III. iv. 4) with reference to his plan to eavesdrop on Hamlet and Gertrudes conversation. Polonius deceives characters around him to portray himself as lovin g and caring person, where in actuality is a person that lies, manipulates, and eavesdrops. Claudius also exemplifies the appearance versus reality theme, by the fact that appears to be kind and gentle. In actuality, he is using his kindness and gentleness as a mask to cover up the malicious murder that he so violently committed. Claudius through out the play feels guilt for action, and thus tries to repent for his sin in Act III, Scene iii by praying. In his prayer he mourns, My fault is past. But, O, what form of prayer / Can serve my turn? Forgive me my foul murder? (III. iii. 52-53). In this scene Claudius is not clear on what to feel. He struggles to get out his prayer, because he is unsure if he will be forgiven. He wants to repent for his sin, but he knows that he cannot because he is not truly sorry. In Act III, Scene iii Claudius lists some reasons why he asks for forgiveness. He states, Of those effects for which I did the murder / My crown, mine own ambition, and my queen (III. iii. 55-56). Claudius realizes that externally he wants to seek forgivenessShow Mo reRelatedAPPEARANCE vs. REALITY IN THE PRINCE AND HAMLET1614 Words   |  7 Pages3. Reality and appearances, or if you prefer, being and acting, are important themes for both Machiavelli and Shakespeare. Why? How do their perspectives on this subject agree or differ? APPEARANCE vs. REALITY IN THE PRINCE AND HAMLET One of the most fundamental questions in philosophy is the appearance vs. reality. We find ourselves asking the question of what is genuinely real, and what is viewed merely as just an appearance, and not real? It becomes difficult when we assume there isRead MoreOthello Essay, Appearance vs Reality1175 Words   |  5 PagesThroughout history there has been a general understanding that appearances can be deceiving. A person may go through life without anyone understanding the true reality of their character. William Shakespeare, one of the greatest writers of all time, understood the relationship between appearance and reality and often gave characters two sides to their personality. One of the most fundamental questions in philosophy is the one of appearance vs. reality. We find ourselves asking the question of what is genuinelyRead MoreDramatic Irony Used for Characterization in Othello by Shakespeare713 Words   |  3 Pages[Michael Caine,] Batman; The Dark Knight). William Shakespeare uses a variety of literary devices throughout his works, but his use of dramatic irony specifically puts his readers at the edge of their seats. Being full of jealousy and betrayal, the plot of Othello is guided by this playwright’s usage of dramatic irony. Through the use of dramatic irony and characterization Shakespeare creates Iago, the most sinister character in all of literature. William Shakespeare, being born on April 23Read MoreWilliam Shakespeare s Hamlet - Appearance Vs. Reality819 Words   |  4 Pagesassignment. -MLM Appearance vs. Reality in Hamlet William Shakespeare’s Hamlet, reveals a consistent theme of appearance versus reality throughout the character’s actions. In many situations, honesty and sincerity appear to be present; however, in reality, dishonesty and deception are usually the character’s true intentions. Specifically, Rosencrantz and Guildenstern, Hamlet, and Claudius demonstrate the disconnect between appearance versus reality. Throughout the play, these characters work to veil theirRead MoreThemes in Taming of the Shrew1433 Words   |  6 PagesThe Taming of the Shrew is a comedy written in the early 1590’s by William Shakespeare. This play within a play starts when a powerful lord plays a prank on a poor, drunken man named Christopher Sly. The lord convinces the poor man that he is actually a lord himself and that the troop of actors that have arrived are there to perform a play for him. This play that the troop of actors performs is the story of Petruchio, who wants to marry for money, and Katherina, the shrew. The two actually marryRead MoreApperences vs. Reality in Twelfth Night Essay851 Words   |  4 PagesAppearances vs. Reality M.C Escher said, â€Å"Are you really sure that a floor cant also be a ceiling?† This quote is saying that what you see and what is actually there can be two different things. Appearances versus reality is a recurring theme in William Shakespeare’s play, Twelfth Night . Appearances hide an important reality and sometimes can get in the way of a character from developing or attaining his or her goal. The problems that happen involve disguises and deceit of one form orRead More Measure for Measure Essay: The Virtuous Vanity of Isabella1495 Words   |  6 PagesThe Virtuous Vanity of Isabella in Measure for Measure      Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Shakespeares work, Measure for Measure, puts the problem in problem play as it, examines the difference between law and justice, virtue and goodness. Its a case study of abuse of power that has a particularly contemporary resonance.   Isabella is a very intriguing Shakespearean female. She is one of the few intelligent females who are also innocent and holy. Measure for Measure focuses primarily on her moral dilemma. Does sheRead MoreAppearance vs. Reality; The Cause of a Hero’s Downfall1025 Words   |  5 PagesMacbeth as he attempts to do the impractical. While Macbeth turns from an admirable nobleman into the traitor fiend that is the result of his wife’s relentless coaxing, the reader distinguishes more and more of the â€Å"appearance versus reality† or the â€Å"things are not what they seem† theme that intertwines with Macbeth’s hubris thus leading to his downfall. As Macbeth furthers his plans, which fall in step with the weird sisters’ prophecy, he uses, â€Å"False face must hide what the false heart doth knowRead More Appearance vs. Reality in Merchant Of Venice Essay1949 Words   |  8 PagesThe theme of Appearance Vs. Reality is used throughout the play to mislead and confuse so things may not always be what they seem. Shakespeare uses deception to enhance the unfolding drama and involve his audience more fully in the play – the audience are party to deceptions which the characters themselves are unaware of. Prejudice was common and the word â€Å"Jew† applied to hardhearted unscrupulous moneylenders. An Elizabethan audience would have been happy to see a Jew, Spaniard or a Moor deceivedRead MoreShakespeare s Macbeth : Importance Of Secondary Characters1374 Words   |  6 PagesElizabethan era included the illustrious works of the remarkable William Shakespeare. As Shakespeare composes his theatric spectacles, he brings the characters to life. Shakespeare’s engrossing composition of Macbeth, exhaustively, displays the essentiality of including secondary characters in the play. Macbeth can articulately stage the crucial events in the play due to the minor characters, and their ability to exhibit theme revelation (appearance versus reality) and plot advancement; specifically,